What is the purpose of isotopes in nuclear medicine?

The primary purpose of isotopes in nuclear medicine is to aid in imaging and treatment. Isotopes, specifically radioactive isotopes, have properties that make them exceptionally useful in diagnostic imaging and therapeutic procedures.

In diagnostic imaging, isotopes are incorporated into radiopharmaceuticals, which are compounds that localize in specific organs or tissues within the body. When these radiopharmaceuticals are administered, the isotopes emit radiation that can be detected by imaging devices like gamma cameras. This allows healthcare professionals to visualize the function and structure of organs, identify abnormalities, and assess various medical conditions effectively.

In addition to their imaging capabilities, isotopes are also used in treatment applications. For example, certain isotopes can target and destroy cancer cells through a process known as radiotherapy. This targeted approach allows for the treatment of tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues.

Overall, the versatility of isotopes in emitting measurable radiation that can be safely monitored while also being directed at specific targets makes them invaluable in the field of nuclear medicine, fulfilling both diagnostic and therapeutic roles.